{"id":1037,"date":"2011-02-25T01:00:41","date_gmt":"2011-02-25T06:00:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/info-libraries.mit.edu\/150books\/?p=1037"},"modified":"2023-07-07T18:35:48","modified_gmt":"2023-07-07T18:35:48","slug":"1910","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/libraries.mit.edu\/150books\/2011\/02\/25\/1910\/","title":{"rendered":"Year 50 &#8211; 1910: Principia Mathematica by Alfred North Whitehead and Bertrand Russell"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/libraries.mit.edu\/150books\/2011\/02\/25\/1910\/1910-title\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-1038\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-1038 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/libraries.mit.edu\/app\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2011\/02\/1910-title-197x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"197\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/libraries.mit.edu\/app\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2011\/02\/1910-title-197x300.jpg 197w, https:\/\/libraries.mit.edu\/app\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2011\/02\/1910-title-673x1024.jpg 673w, https:\/\/libraries.mit.edu\/app\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2011\/02\/1910-title-768x1168.jpg 768w, https:\/\/libraries.mit.edu\/app\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2011\/02\/1910-title-1010x1536.jpg 1010w, https:\/\/libraries.mit.edu\/app\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2011\/02\/1910-title-624x949.jpg 624w, https:\/\/libraries.mit.edu\/app\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2011\/02\/1910-title.jpg 1234w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 197px) 100vw, 197px\" \/><\/a>Published: Cambridge University Press, 1910<\/p>\n<p>This is the first of three volumes of a monumental work, the result of years of collaboration by philosophical greats Alfred North Whitehead and Bertrand Russell (Whitehead\u2019s pupil). <em>Principia Mathematica<\/em> (a.k.a. \u201cPM\u201d) is a foundational text in mathematical logic. PM set forth an argument for logicism, the idea that all mathematics can be reduced to logic. Whitehead and Russell posit that all mathematical truths can be rendered as logical truths and all mathematical proofs can be also be expressed as logical proofs.<\/p>\n<p>It is hard to overstate PM\u2019s influence. It popularized modern mathematical logic and opened up entire fields of research, laying the groundwork <a href=\"https:\/\/libraries.mit.edu\/150books\/2011\/02\/25\/1910\/1910-text\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-1040\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-1040 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/libraries.mit.edu\/app\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2011\/02\/1910-text-196x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"196\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/libraries.mit.edu\/app\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2011\/02\/1910-text-196x300.jpg 196w, https:\/\/libraries.mit.edu\/app\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2011\/02\/1910-text-668x1024.jpg 668w, https:\/\/libraries.mit.edu\/app\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2011\/02\/1910-text-768x1178.jpg 768w, https:\/\/libraries.mit.edu\/app\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2011\/02\/1910-text-624x957.jpg 624w, https:\/\/libraries.mit.edu\/app\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2011\/02\/1910-text.jpg 956w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 196px) 100vw, 196px\" \/><\/a>for areas of study in disciplines including philosophy, mathematics, linguistics, economics, and computer science.<\/p>\n<p>Although the notation was seen as an improvement over notation developed in the late 19th century by Gottlob Frege, expressing the concepts in a clearer and more compelling way, the notation is now outdated, making the work difficult for a contemporary student of logic to comprehend.<\/p>\n<p>The second and third volumes of <em>Principia Mathematica<\/em> were published in 1912 and 1913.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/libraries.mit.edu\/150books\/2011\/02\/25\/1910\/1910-bookplate\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-1039\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-1039 size-thumbnail\" src=\"https:\/\/libraries.mit.edu\/app\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2011\/02\/1910-bookplate-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" \/><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/mit.primo.exlibrisgroup.com\/permalink\/01MIT_INST\/jp08pj\/alma990002444510106761\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Find it in the library<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Published: Cambridge University Press, 1910 This is the first of three volumes of a monumental work, the result of years of collaboration by philosophical greats Alfred North Whitehead and Bertrand Russell (Whitehead\u2019s pupil). Principia Mathematica (a.k.a. \u201cPM\u201d) is a foundational text in mathematical logic. PM set forth an argument for logicism, the idea that all mathematics can be reduced to logic. Whitehead and Russell posit that all mathematical truths can be rendered as logical truths and all mathematical proofs can be also be expressed as logical proofs. It is hard to overstate PM\u2019s influence. It popularized modern mathematical logic and [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":false,"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1037","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/libraries.mit.edu\/150books\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1037","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/libraries.mit.edu\/150books\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/libraries.mit.edu\/150books\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/libraries.mit.edu\/150books\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/libraries.mit.edu\/150books\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1037"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/libraries.mit.edu\/150books\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1037\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4261,"href":"https:\/\/libraries.mit.edu\/150books\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1037\/revisions\/4261"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/libraries.mit.edu\/150books\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1037"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/libraries.mit.edu\/150books\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1037"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/libraries.mit.edu\/150books\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1037"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}