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Overviews of CA/T ProjectThomas P. Hughes, "Coping with Complexity: Central Artery and Tunnel," from Rescuing Prometheus (Pantheon Books, 1998) [Download this chapter into Adobe Acrobat reader] [Download Adobe Acrobat reader] David Luberoff and Alan Altshuler, Mega-Project, A Political History of Boston's Multibillion Dollar Artery/Tunnel Project (Cambridge: John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, rev. edition, 1996) Environmental regulations pertaining to highway planningSection 4(f) of the Department of Transportation Act of 1966, as implemented in the U.S. Code, providing that parkland could not be taken for highway projects unless no "feasible and prudent alternative" is available. FHWA 4(f) implementation information can be found at the FHWA website, in its 1987 "Section 4(f) Policy Paper." Massachusetts Environmental Policy Act, M.G.L. c. 30, s. 61 requires review and evaluation of projects: agencies must describe environmental impacts and determine that all feasible means and measures will be used to avoid or minimize potential damage. National Historic Preservation Act, section 106 (16 USC 407f) and its implementing regulations. Milestones and other significant documents in the history of Central Artery/Tunnel ProjectTitles of documents followed in some cases with brief descriptions of the contents and links to excerpts from the documents. 1948 Charles A. Maguire & Associates with DeLeuw, Cather & Co. and J. E. Grenier Co., The Master Highway Plan for the Boston Metropolitan Area (Boston: Joint Board for the Metropolitan Master Highway Plan, 1948). Plan for Central Artery as an "inner belt" road; road designed to serve local downtown destinations 1970 Gov. Frank Sargent halts work on several highway projects in the Boston area, which implement the 1948 plan; appoints the Boston Transportation Planning Review (BTPR). BTPR, "Study Design for a Balanced Transportation Development Program for the Boston Metropolitan Region," 1970. Report for Gov. Frank Sargent on the transportation plans. Gov. Sargent accepts the recommendations, which include stopping the "Inner Belt." 1971 Boston Globe, Dec. 29:18; Dec. 30:10; Dec. 31:6. Editorial series dealt with the future of Logan Airport. Logan, along with the downtown Boston, are considered the two biggest generators of vehicular travel in the Boston region. Dec. 30, 1971, Gov. Sargent kills the Inner Belt and Rte. 2 extension plans. Boston Transportation Planning Review with Alan M. Voorhees & Assoc., Central Artery, Prepared for the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, EOTC, DPW, and MBTA, November 1972. The first formal consideration of the idea of depressing the Central Artery. 1973 Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1973. Section 103(e)(4) allowed urbanized areas to withdraw a nonessential Interstate segment. An equivalent amount of funds could then be spent from general revenues for mass transportation capital projects at an 80 percent federal matching share. 1974 Boston Redevelopment Authority, Central Artery Depression Preliminary Feasibility Study, Review Draft, 1974 1975 Boston Redevelopment Authority, Central Artery Depression: A Preliminary Feasibility Study, Final Draft, 1975 1976 Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1976. This act allowed funds from the Interstate substitution to be used for highways and busways serving urbanized areas. It also changed the definition of construction to allow federal funds to be spent on resurfacing, restoration, and rehabilitation (3R) of highways, an acknowledgment of the growing problem of highway deterioration. The act extended the date for Interstate system completion to Sept. 30, 1990 and expanded the transferability of federal funds among different federal-aid systems. Mass. Dept. of Public Works, Central Area Staff & Central Transportation Planning Staff, Central Artery Corridor: North Area Planning Study, Oct. 1976 Mass. Dept. of Public Works and Central Transportation Planning Staff, Central Artery/I-93 Corridor: Central Area Planning Study (Boston: EOTC, DPW, 1978) Mass. Dept. of Public Works and Central Transportation Planning Staff, Central Artery/I-93 Corridor: South Area Planning Study (Boston: EOTC, DPW, 1978) 1979 Mass. Dept. of Public Works, Final Environmental Impact Statement, U.S. Route I-93, U.S. Route 1 (Boston: Mass. Dept. of Public Works, June 1979) 1980 "Corridor Planning Study for Rt. 1-93 and I-90: Central Artery and Third Harbor Crossing…," Mass. Dept. of Public Works/Central Transportation Planning Staff, October 1980 1981 Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1981. The Act established early completion of the Interstate system as the top priority highway program, and to accomplish this, it restricted eligibility to the construction items that, among other things, met essential environmental requirements. To receive Interstate funding, the Central Artery/Tunnel project needed final environmental approval by Sept. 1983. 1982 Surface Transportation Assistance Act of 1982. The Act extended authorizations for the highway, safety, and transit programs by four years, from 1983 to 1986. It raised taxes and fees, with additional funds going toward completion of the Interstate system (to be completed by 1991); an increased 4R (Interstate resurfacing, restoration, rehabilitation, and reconstruction) program; a bridge replacement and rehabilitation program; and greater funding for Primary, Secondary, and Interstate projects. U.S. Dept. of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration and Mass. Dept. of Public Works and Mass. Turnpike Authority, Interstate Route 90, Extension From Interstate Route 93 to East Boston, Third Harbor Tunnel Project, Draft Environmental Impact Statement/Report, Dec. 1982. The proposed plan contemplated a new harbor tunnel only, not a depressed Central Artery. U.S. Dept. of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, and Mass. Dept. of Public Works, Third Harbor Tunnel, Interstate 90/Central Artery, Interstate 93, Boston, Massachusetts, Supplement to the Draft Environmental Impact Statement/Report (Boston: Mass. Dept. of Public Works, June 1983) 1984 "Cost Estimate History: Central Artery and Third Harbor Tunnel" appendix to Jan. 30, 1984 letter from Mass. Dept. of Public Works Commissioner Robert Tierney to FHWA Deputy Administrator Lester Lamm FHWA review of Massachusetts CA/T EIS, Harter Rupert, Chief, Environment Programs Division, memo to John Bestgen, FHWA Regional Administrator, Nov. 14, 1984. Rejects artery depression portion of the EIS. 1985 Mass. DPW, "Massachusetts Report to the Federal Highway Administration on the Central Artery (I-93)/Third Harbor Tunnel (I-90)," Feb. 19, 1985. State response to FHWA objections. Ray Barnhart, memo to John Bestgen, FHWA Regional Administrator, Aug. 9, 1985. FHWA revises its 1984 decision and accepts the EIS. Federal Highway Administration and Mass. Dept. of Public Works and Mass. Turnpike Authority, Third Harbor Tunnel, Interstate 90/Central Artery, Interstate 93, Boston, Massachusetts, Final Environmental Impact Statement/Report and Final Section 4(f) Evaluation (Boston: Mass. Dept. of Pubic Works, August 1985) 1986 "Certificate of the Secretary of Environmental Affairs on the Environmental Impact Report, Central Artery/Third Harbor Tunnel Project," Jan. 2, 1986 Mass. Dept. of Public Works, "Contract for State Highway Work," Parsons, Brinckerhoff, Quade, Douglas-Bechtel Civil Inc., Aug. 28, 1986. Joint venture, to manage planning, design, and construction. 1987 Surface Transportation and Uniform Relocation Assistance Act of 1987. Title I, the Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1987, authorized $67.1 billion for highway and bridge programs over a five-year period, including funds for the Central Artery. Boston Society of Architects, Plan for the Central Artery (Boston: Boston Society of Architects, 1988) 1989 Boston Redevelopment Authority, Central Artery: Framework for Discussion (Boston: Boston Redevelopment Authority, 1989). Summarizes 5 land use plans: BSA, Ricardo Bofill, Alex Kreiger, BRA/Coyle plan, and State plan. Andrew Hamilton and Stephanie Pollack, Gridlock: Facing Boston's Transportation Dilemma (Boston: Conservation Law Foundation, 1989) U.S. Federal Highway Administration, and Mass. Dept. of Public Works, Central Artery (I-93)/Third Harbor Tunnel (I-90) Project, Boston, Massachusetts, Draft Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement/Report and Supplemental Final Section 4(f) Evaluation (Boston: Mass. Dept. of Public Works, May 1990) Robert Campbell, CAUTION: HIGH BRIDGE AHEAD, Boston Globe, June 24, 1990 Peter J. Howe, DEVILLARS TO WEIGH IN WITH ARTERY CONDITIONS, Boston Globe, August 26, 1990 Mass. Executive Office of Environmental Affairs, "Certificate of the Secretary of Environmental Affairs on the Draft Supplemental Environmental Impact Report for the Central Artery/Third Harbor Tunnel Project," Aug. 29, 1990 Peter J. Howe, DEVILLARS' FANFARE ON ARTERY IS MUTED, Boston Globe, August 31, 1990 Memorandum of Understanding, EOTC & MDC, Nov. 1990 Mass. Dept. of Public Works, Central Artery (I-93)/Third Harbor Tunnel (I-90) Project, Final Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement/Report, (Boston: Mass. DPW, Nov. 1990) Peter Howe, Boston Globe articles on Scheme Z: Nov. 18:42; Dec. 2 (2 arts.); Dec. 4:29; Dec. 5 (2 arts.); Dec. 7; Dec. 9 (2 arts.); Dec. 13; Dec. 14:104; Dec. 21:39; Dec. 23; Dec. 28, 1990 Conservation Law Foundation/Central Artery Memorandum of Understanding, December 1990 U.S. Dept. of Transportation, Central Artery (Interstate 93)/Third Harbor Tunnel (Interstate 90) Project, Boston, Massachusetts: Final Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement (Boston: Mass. Dept. of Public Works, January 1991) Peter Howe, Boston Globe articles, Jan. 3; Jan. 9; Jan. 27; Feb. 4, 1991 Mass. Executive Office of Environmental Affairs, "Certificate of the Secretary of Environmental Affairs on the Draft Supplemental Environmental Impact Report for the Central Artery/Third Harbor Tunnel Project," Jan. 2, 1991 Mass. Highway Dept., Notice of Project Change, Central Artery/Tunnel Project, Final Supplemental Environmental Impact Report, Jan. 2, 1991 Peter J. Howe, SCHEME Z OPTION NEARER, Boston Globe, April 4, 1991 FHWA, "Record of Decision for the Central Artery (I-93)/Tunnel (I-90) Project Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement," May 10, 1991 Peter J. Howe, SCHEME Z DECLARED 'DEAD' BY PANEL CHIEF, Boston Globe, June 1, 1991 Bridge Design Review Committee, Report on the Charles River Crossing (Boston: Bridge Design Review Committee, Oct. 1991) Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991. The Act (ISTEA) authorized $151 billion over six years for highways, mass transit and safety programs. In a major breakthrough, it created a surface transportation program with flexible funding that permitted states to address statewide and urban transportation problems. 1992 Peter J. Howe and Gary S. Chafetz, ACCORD LIFTS A ROADBLOCK TO BIG DIG; CONSERVATIONISTS TO SHELVE SUIT, Boston Globe, March 13, 1992 Mass. Highway Dept. and Bechtel/Parsons Brinckerhoff, Notice of Project Change, Area North of Causeway Street, Sept. 1992. Peter J. Howe, CAMBRIDGE, STATE REMOVE HURDLE FOR NEW CHARLES RIVER CROSSING, Boston Globe, Sept. 13, 1992 Mass. Highway Dept., Charles River Crossing: Draft Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement/Report, July 1993 Executive Office of Environmental Affairs, "Certificate of the Secretary of Environmental Affairs on the Draft Supplemental Environmental Impact Report/Statement," October 15, 1993 Mass. Executive Office of Transportation and Construction, "The Transportation Plan for the Boston Region," November 15, 1993 Boston Globe, Nov. 6, Nov. 16, Nov. 17 and Nov. 21, 1993 Mass. Highway Dept., Charles River Crossing, Final Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement/Report, December 1993 1994 Mass. Executive Office of Environmental Affairs, "Certificate of the Secretary of Environmental Affairs on the Final Supplemental Environmental Impact Report/Statement for the Charles River Crossing, Central Artery/Third Harbor Tunnel Project," March 18, 1994. Approves new crossing plan. Thomas C. Palmer Jr., STATE WINS FEDERAL OK TO START RIVER-CROSSING PART OF ARTERY PROJECT, Boston Globe, June 21, 1994 1995 Thomas C. Palmer Jr., CAMBRIDGE SUES TO HALT BRIDGE PLAN, Boston Globe, March 12, 1995 Mass. Highway Dept., "Draft Cost/Schedule Update, Rev. 6, User Reference," May 26, 1995 U.S. District Court, Memorandum and Order, in combined cases of Geer et al. and City of Cambridge, plaintiffs, v. FHWA et al., defendants, Aug. 4, 1997 |
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[ Scheme Z chronology | CA/T documents | Contributed articles | Plans and pictures | Vertical file ] |
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