A guide to
metadata by the Metadata Advisory Group of the MIT Libraries
Selected Metadata Standards
The following metadata schemas are selected based on their
applicability to the MIT community. The majority are currently
in use on the MIT campus either within the MIT Libraries,
or within academic departments that are creating digital resources.
- DDI (Data Documentation
Initiative)
- The DDI is an effort to establish an international criterion
and methodology for the content, presentation, transport,
and preservation of metadata about datasets in the social
and behavioral sciences.
- Dublin Core
- A flexible 15-element metadata set. Used by organizations
such as libraries and government agencies for text, images,
and other resources.
- EAD (Encoded Archival Description)
- EAD: a data structure standard for encoding archival finding
aids, developed for use by the archivists and manuscript
curators.
- FGDC (Federal Geographic
Data Committee)
- The FGDC standard was created to provide a common set
of terminology and definitions for the documentation of
digital geospatial data. Without the essential information
provided in FGDC metadata many spatial data files would
not be considered reliable data sources.
- IMS (Instructional Management
Systems)
- The IMS Learning Resource Meta-data Information Model
identifies a subset of IEEE LOM meta-data elements to be
used to describe learning materials in various types of
learning systems.
- METS (Metadata Encoding
and Transmission Standard)
- METS provides an XML document format for encoding metadata
necessary for both management of digital library objects
within a repository and exchange of such objects between
repositories (or between repositories and their users).
Depending on its use, a METS document could be used in the
role of Submission Information Package (SIP), Archival Information
Package (AIP), or Dissemination Information Package (DIP)
within the Open Archival Information System (OAIS) Reference
Model.
- ONIX (ONline Information
eXchange)
- ONIX is an international standard for representing book,
serial, and video product information in electronic form.
Many on-line book traders such as Amazon and Barnes &
Noble use this metadata standard to transfer information
about their products.
- SCORM
- SCORM (Sharable Content Object Reference Model) uses the
IEEE LOM element set for descriptive metadata, and includes
guidelines on the XML packaging of the metadata. SCORM draws
on a variety of standards to create reference model specifically
for learning objects.
- TEI (Text Encoding Initiative)
- An encoding standard for textual documents used to describe
the physical and logical structure of textual material for
the purpose of research analysis and data interchange. A
header containing bibliographic information and provenance
precedes the full encoding.
- VRA (Visual Resources Association)
- A core element set used to create records to describe
works of visual culture as well as the images that document
them. Used by image archives in museums and libraries.
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