Online Spatial Data by Continent

Africa

• Africover: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations: Land cover and agricultural data for 10 nations in East Africa (Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Egypt, Eritrea, Kenya, Rwanda, Somalia, Sudan, Tanzania, and Uganda
• Central African Regional Program for the Envirornment (CARPE) Data Explorer: A long-term initiative by USAID to address the issues of deforestation and biodiversity loss in the Congo Basin forest zone. Environmental GIS and remote sensing data along with some population data for Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Nigeria, São Tomé and Príncipe, Tanzania, Uganda, and Zambia.
• Africa Development Bank Group: A collection of shapefiles and maps for roads, transmission lines, and power plants for most of the continent.

Antarctica

• USGS Atlas of Antarctic Research: Various images, maps, and elevation data compiled by the USGS.

Australia

• Free Data Downloads from Geoscience Australia
• Australian Electoral Commission GIS data
• Australia National Pollutant Inventory: Over 90 different substances that are emitted into the land, air, or water are monitored and reported. The site allows the user to find data, map it, and download the output.
• Australian Mines Atlas: Mineral resources, mines, and processing centers
• Australian Bureau of Statistics

Europe

• European Environment Agency interactive maps and data
• Eurostat

Latin America

• Latin America data links hosted by the GIS/Data Center at Rice University